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An innovation across the borders from Hamburg to Turin attracts the attention of automotive enthusiasts: Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and Fraunhofer Research Institution for Additive Manufacturing Technologies IAPT developed together a 3D printed wheel carrier with an integrated brake caliper for an Fiat Chrysler Automobiles sports car.
The part represents the first step towards serial 3D printing of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) vehicle components. Commenting on these ambitious goals, Carlo Carcioffi, Head of Advanced Processes and Materials Body, Interiors, Chassis, says: “Together with our innovation partner Fraunhofer IAPT, we are cutting the costs and production effort for key vehicle parts. The knowledge transfer will help us to improve Additive Manufacturing competence in the fields of integrated design, materials, and process technology across the group.”
The additive research collaboration started with a bold question: How can a complete suspension system for a sports car be realized using 3D printing? At present, this system still consists of various individual parts such as the wheel carrier, brake caliper including hydraulics, and heat shield. In the past, these components were manufactured individually and then assembled in several steps using screws, seals, and washers to form a complete, functioning system. All in all, a complex, time-consuming, and expensive process.
Additive Manufacturing and Casting - a Novel Hybrid Approach
“We had, together with the FCA design team, to completely rethink the entire wheel suspension in order to achieve a one-piece bionic structure that fulfilled all the functions of the previous assembly at least equally as well, absorbed all the forces, was weight-optimized, and could be produced additively,” says IAPT design engineer Yanik Senkel.
The result is impressive: By using topology optimization, the team has developed a prototype that weighs 36 % less than the 12 individual parts of the conventionally manufactured component. The bionically optimized design reduces the assembly effort enormously, increases the fatigue strength thanks to the more robust construction and should also perform better in terms of noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). The clever integral design eliminates many typical weak points and therefore extends its lifetime. “The component demonstrates the potential of Additive Manufacturing for future cars,” says Carcioffi ”and on top of that it’s a real eye-catcher,” he adds.
But the 3D printed wheel carrier with an integrated brake caliper, the world’s first of its kind, is only the beginning: It is the starting point for many other projects. In numerous joint workshops, which also covered the areas of material and process development and quality assurance, several components in lightweight and integral construction were completely redeveloped.
“The overall focus is on the reduction of manufacturing costs, for example, by significantly increasing production speed,” explains Ruben Meuth, Head of Business Development at Fraunhofer IAPT. “This innovation project is an excellent example of the collaboration between industry and research. This component shows how Additive Manufacturing can be implemented into series production for luxury and sports cars,” sums up Meuth.
But which vehicle parts does the cooperation team identify as the next 3D printing candidates? The results should be exciting, states Carcioffi confidently. The FCA expert is already certain of one thing: “The project has shown that through Additive Manufacturing, we can entirely rethink many areas of the automobile and lay the foundations for future innovations.”
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